Hydrogen and methane breath testing for abdominal bloating of small intestinal origin
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58931/cait.2023.3358Abstract
Abdominal bloating with or without excessive gas production and with or without abdominal distention is common, very bothersome for patients, and is poorly understood. Bloating can be associated with gastrointestinal disorders, nutrient malabsorption, and systemic illnesses. The origin of abdominal bloating is often unclear, though it is usually associated with food intake and bowel motility dysfunction. Often, food allergies, food intolerance, or food poisoning are considered by the patient or physician as potential causes for bloating. A common concern in the patient’s mind is that healthcare professionals will dismiss or misdiagnose their complaint. The limited understanding of the pathophysiology of bloating leads to current empirical management, and bloating is often characterized as a “functional” disorder. Bloating carries a heavy clinical, psychological, and economic burden. Proper diagnosis will provide the patient with peace of mind and lead to effective treatment. This review focuses on the mechanisms and management of abdominal bloating associated with different small intestinal disorders identified by non-invasive hydrogen and methane breath tests.
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