L’approche d’un dermatologue en matière de tests épicutanés : indications, écueils et avantages
Résumé
La dermatite de contact allergique (DCA) est une réaction d’hypersensibilité retardée de type IV médiée par les lymphocytes T qui se produit après une exposition topique ou systémique à un allergène. Le test épicutané est la méthode diagnostique de référence de la DCA. Afin que le médecin puisse établir une approche ciblée et personnalisée, qui accentuera la portée diagnostique du test pour chaque patient, il doit s’informer en détail des antécédents du patient, notamment : ses antécédents médicaux, son parcours professionnel, ses loisirs, les expositions topiques ou systémiques, et la/les partie(s) touchée(s) tout en connaissant les allergènes courants.
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